Comprehension 理解
Answer these questions:
1 Why does the author consider the‘tough’method of training elephants to be stupid?
2 In what way can elephants be compared with dogs?
3 What, according to the author, is the key to successful elephant training?
4 What is the main advantage of training an elephant of between fifteen and twenty years old?
5 What is the main disadvantage of training an elephant of between fifteen and twenty years old?
6 How can tame elephants be used to help in the training of wild elephants?
Vocabulary 词汇
Refer to the text to see how the following words have been used, then write sentences of your own using these words: moral considerations (1.3); turn(1.4); assign (1.7); capable of a considerable degree of personal affection (11.8-9); pined to death (1.10); underline (1.11); subservient (1.15); tethered (1.17); particularly alarming (1.24);monotonous and soothing chant (1.27); blandishments (1.30); lashes fiercely (1.30).
Summary 摘要
Drawing your information from the last paragraph (lines 21-32) write an account of the method used for training several elephants at one time. Use your own words as far as possible. Do not write more than 80 words. Your answer should be in one paragraph.
Composition 作文
Write a composition of about 600 words on one of the following subjects:
1 Pets.
2 Animals in scientific research.
3 ‘It is cruel to train animals to perform tricks for our amusement.’ Discuss.
Key structures 关键句型
A Note the use of the word who in this sentence:
The gentle method produces a cheerful, good-tempered elephant who will give many years of loyal service. (11.4-6)
Write two sentences in which it would be preferable to use who instead of which when referring to animals.
B Rewrite the sentences given below using the opening words or phrases provided. Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:
1 The two main techniques which have been used for training elephants we may call respectively the tough and the gentle.
Two main techniques_____ (1.1)
2 We must probably take such extreme cases with a grain of salt.
Such extreme cases ______ (1.11)
3 When training several elephants at one time we usually place the new arrival between the stalls of two captives whose training is already well advanced.
When training several elephants … it is customary for ______(1.21)
4 The trainer controls these movements with the metal-pointed stick.
These movements ______ (1.31)
Special difficulties难点
A Study the following pairs of words and then write sentences of your own to bring out the difference.
1 train (1.1) ---- educate
You need to be very patient when you train dogs.
The best investment any country can make in its future is to educate its children.
2 apart from (1.3) ---- except
Apart from you/Except for you, everyone has helped in some way.
We're open every day apart from/except Saturday.
3 degree (1.9) ---- rank
I think that's true to a degree.
What rank was your father when he was in the army?
4 afterwards (1.32) ---- after
We had dinner first. Afterwards, we went to a show.
Come and see me after work.
B Use the following expressions in sentences of your own: must be taken with a grain of salt (1.11); a ticklish business (1.19)
Multiple choice questions多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension理解
1 The ill-treatment of an elephant during training ____.
a．can have unpleasant consequences later
b．is the most effective method available
c．increases the time it takes to train the animal
d．ensures loyal service for years to come
2 An elephant will only be trained successfully if _____.
a．the mahout is a responsible person
b．elephant calves don't refuse to feed
c．the mahout and the elephant get on well together
d．several trainers are assigned to the job
3 The main attraction of training mature elephants is_____.
a．early financial returns
b．their willingness to obey their trainers
c．the avoidance of anxiety in the elephant
d．that elephants are difficult to keep
4 A mature elephant is only subjected to training when ______ .
a．it is with other elephants
b．the mahout has established a good relationship with it
c．the animal is feeding normally
d．it needs to be controlled with a sharp pointed stick
Structure句型
5 Moral considerations _____, this is a stupid method…(1.3)
a．besides
b． except
c．instead
d．aside
6 Elephants enjoy ______ one master just as dogs do.(1.8)
a．in having
b．have
c．having
d．to have
7 Extreme cases ______must be taken with a grain of salt. (1.11)
a．like so
b．of this kind
c．such that
d．as this
8 Two assistants control the captive, while _____ others rub the the elephant. (11.25-26)
a．eventually
b．at the same time
c．during
d．during which
Vocabulary词汇
9 Elephants do not easily become_____ to man. (11.14-15)
a．a service
b．obedient
c．acceptable
d．responsive
10 A captive elephant will probably _____ all food. (11.16-17)
a．destroy
b．repel
c．deny
d．reject
11 Sometimes a tame elephant is ______ nearby…(1.17)
a．trained
b．tied
c．fed
d．placed
12 Its effects are _____ by the use of endearing epithets. (1.29)
a．imposed
b．confirmed
c．intensified
d．established