Comprehension理解
Answer these questions：
1 Explain how the device consisting of rods of various lengths and thichnesses could be used to indicate the extent of an earthquake.
2 Why was this simple seismometer worked by rods unsatisfactory?
3 Which everyday observation enabled scientists to improve seismometers?
4 ‘Instruments have been devised and can be so placed that all three elements can be recorded in different graphs.’(11.28-29) What are these‘elements’?
5 Why, during an earthquake, is the third wave the last to be recorded?
Vocabulary词汇
Refer to the text to see how the following words have been used, then write sentences of your own using these words: rigid(1.4); slumbering (1.6); delicate(1.8); silly suggestion(1.12); legibly(1.14); everyday(1.14); tend (1.15); to and fro(1.18); slightly(1.19); rotated(1.23); wriggled(1.25); the path described by a particle(11.26-27);bluebottle (1.27).
Summary摘要
Drawing your information from lines 9-28 (‘The ideal… side to side.’), describe how the seismometer used for recording the horizontal component of wave movements works. Do not write more than 120 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Your answer should be in one paragraph.
Composition作文
Write a composition of about 600 words on one of the following subjects:
1 A description, real or imaginary, of an earthquake.
2 The hidden forces of nature.
3 Man's efforts to understand and control natural calamities. (E.g. earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, tidal waves, volcanic eruptions, avalanches, forest fires.)
Key structures关键句型
A Complete the following sentences in any way you wish. Then compare what you have written with the sentences in the passage:
1 When a shock came, it shook the rigid table upon which these stood. If it were gentle, ______ (11.3-4)
2 ___if any really serious advance was to be made. (1.8)
3 If we could actually see the path described by a particle, _____(11.26-28)
B Rewrite the sentences given below using the opening phrases provided. Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:
1 Though that sounds a silly suggestion, that was precisely the idea adopted in some of the early instruments.
That sounds____ (11.11-13)
2 The reason for this is that his feet move on, but his head stays still.
It is because ______ (11.15-16)
3 Imagine that an earthquake shock shook the floor.
Imagine an_____ (1.20)
4 However, only the horizontal component of the wave movement, which is, in fact, far more complicated, is recorded by the apparatus thus described.
The apparatus thus described, however, ______ (11.25-26)
Special difficulties 难点
A Study the following pairs of words and then write sentences of your own to bring out the difference.
1 device (1.2)---- devise (1.9)
The juice extractor is a practical household device.
He has devised a scheme for earning more money.
2 travel (1.32) ---- trip
She travels to London at least three times a month.
I'm just back from a business trip.
3 adopted (1.12) ---- adopted
The company has persuaded the workers to adopt more flexible working practices so as to increase efficiency. Our Geology teacher has adapted an old washing-machine so he can use it to polish gem-stones.
B Note that the word record is differently pronounced in each of these sentences:
1 … the graphic record shows three waves … (11.30-31)
2 The first records the arrival of longitudinal vibrations. (11.31-32)
Write pairs of sentences using the following words as nouns and as verbs: export; import; produce; conduct.
In each sentence indicate the syllable which should be stressed.
Multiple choice questions 多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension 理解
1 Even a primitive instrument with rods can ____.
a．record the movement of an earthquake
b．indicate roughly how strong an earthquake is and its direction
c．wake up a sleeping scientist when an earthquake is in progress
d．rise and fall in line with the movement of an earthquake
2 In a more sophisticated instrument to measure an earthquake_____ .-
a．the pen moves up and down as paper moves steadily beneath it
b．the pen and the paper beneath it move together in response to the earthquake
c．the pen remains still while recording the irregular movement of the paper beneath it
d．the pen rotates with the moving drum beneath it
3 The instrument, consisting of a pen and paper moving round a rotating drum, ________.
a．gives a full picture of an earthquake
b．records deep wave movements only
c．does not provide a comprehensive record of an earthquake
d．only reflects vertical movement
4 Instruments have been devised which will ____.
a．record all three movements of a nearby earthquake
b．give a comprehensive record of an earthquake more than 700 miles away
c．send information about the interior of the earth
d．reflect the effect of an earthquake on surface rocks
Structure 句型
5 Falling rods recorded a shock that _____to wake up the scientist. (11.5-6)
a．was not enough strong
b．was strong enough
c．was too strong
d．was not strong enough
6 Instruments of far____ delicacy were needed. (1.8)
a．improved
b．greater
c．better
d．finer
7 Where did the key to that problem____ ? (1.14)
a．laid
b．lied
c．lay
d．lie
8 ______ all was still, the pen drew a straight line. (11.23-4)
a．Provided
b．Suppose
c．Imagine
d．Supposed
Vocabulary 词汇
9 While I write my pen moves, but the paper _____. (1.10)
a．moves yet
b．changes direction
c．remains solid
d．does not
10 It will be found that the weight moves____ slightly. (11.18-19)
a．even
b．unless
c．only
d．except
11 Instruments have been_____ and can be so placed ... (11.28-29)
a．invented
b．described
c．sold
d．discovered
12 The graphic record shows three waves arriving ______ . (11.30-31)
a．in a synchronised fashion
b．almost together
c．irregularly
d．with brief breaks in between