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Lesson 45 Of men and galaxies人和星系

Lesson 45 Of men and galaxies人和星系

时间:2015-01-21 07:04点击:
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Comprehension 理解

Answer these questions:

1 Which idea in the first paragraph is illustrated by the following statement:‘I would make a very poor show of disputing the ownership of a cave with a bear.’?(11.3-4)

2 How does the author account for the fact that the inhabitants of Morocco differ from those of California?

3 What do you understand by this statement:‘When you are inside a community you are conditioned by the conventions of the community.’?(11.20-21)

4 What, in the author's view, could change the course of world history?

5 What must a person with original ideas be capable of doing?

Vocabulary词汇

Refer to the text to see how the following words have been used, then write sentences of your own using determines our evolution(11.10-11); wholly(1.14);factor(1.16); utterly(1.23);course(1.28); accurate(1.32).

Summary摘要

Drawing your intormation from the last paragraph(lines 17-33), explain why ideas can be more dangerous than weapons. Do not write more than 110 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Your answer should be in one paragraph.

Composition作文

Write a composition of about 600 words on one of the following subjects:

1 The evolution of man.

2 Brainwashing.

3‘Our environment is chiefly conditioned by the things we believe.’Support or attack this view.

Key structures关键句型

A Study this sentence:

In man's early days, competition with other creatures must have been critical.(1.1)

Write two sentences illustrating the difference between must have been and had to be.

B Rewrite the sentences given below using the opening phfases provided. Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:

1 I am sure that, if l did not have any weapons, I would make a very poor show of disputing the ownership of a cave with a bear.

I am sure that, without_____(11.3-4)

2 It is the things we believe that chiefly condition our environment.

Our environment____(11.11-12)

3 It is well known that where a primitive culture has been invaded by the white man, the most destructive effects have come not from physical weapons but from ideas.

It is well known that where the white man____(11.17-18)

4 I do not doubt that we would be utterly destroyed if it were possible to inject ideas into the modern world.

I do not doubt that it would be____(11.22-23)

5 Imagine how a reasonably advanced technological society would be affected.

Imagine the effect____(11.24-26)

Special difficulties难点

Note the words in italics in the following sentences. Use these words again in sentences of your own, giving each word a different meaning from the one it has in the example:

1 Competition with other creatures must have been critical.(1.1)

2 The most important factor in our environment is the state of our own minds.(11.15-16)

3 The concept of free speech only exists in our modern society because when you are inside a community you are conditioned by the conventions of the community.(11.19-21)

Multiple choice questions多项选择题

Choose the correct answers to the following questions.

Comprehension 理解

1 Competition in the world ____.

a.takes place between humans and other animals

b.has not been confined to humans versus mosquitoes

c.exists mainly in a human context

d.is the result of lack of experience in dealing with primitive conditions

2 The writer is arguing that, where humans are concerned, ____.

a.beliefs are more important than physical environment

b.climate influences what people believe

c.human development is the product of physical environment

d.people compete for the fixed amount of food available in our environment

3 According to the writer, human societies ____.

a.attempt to influence each other with dangerous thoughts

b.are always threatened by the invasion of other people

c.tend to destroy primitive cultures

d.can be threatened by unfamiliar ideas

4 We cannot imagine what ideas would destroy our society because ____.

a.our imaginations are strictly limited by the cultures we live in

b.the concept of free speech is not universally acceptable

c.we know exactly the kind of information that would turn the world upside-down

d.no one on earth ever has any original ideas

Structure句型

5 There is little doubt that in man's early days competition____ critical.(1.1)

a.had been

b.would be

c.was

d.has been

6 Competition between ourselves ____ persist.(1.6)

a.is enabled to

b.is seen to

c.continues to

d.attempts to

7____it would be possible to inject ideas into the modern world.(11.22-23)

a.There is no doubt

b.It is no doubt

c.What is not doubtful

d.It isn't doubtless that

8 If twenty pages ____handed down to any of the major world powers around the year 1925,they would have been sufficient to change the course of world history.(11.26-28)

a.could be

b.would have been

c.had been

d.have been

Vocabulary词汇

9 I would make a poor show of____ the ownership of a cave with a bear.(11.3-4)

a.engaging in

b.guarrelling with

c.discussing

d.arguing about

10 The competition of man against man is not the simple process ____in biology.(1.9)

a.seen

b.obvious

c.imagined

d.established

11 The Holy Office knew this full well when it caused ____to be burned.(11.18-19)

a.philosophers

b.missionaries

c.enemies

d.dissidents

12 You are conditioned by the____ of the community.(11.19-20)

a.laws

b.regulations

c.accepted behaviour

d.boundaries