Summary writing 摘要写作
巴士英语www.xiao84.com
Answer these questions in not more than 55 words.
回答下列问题，将答案组成一个段落，不要超过55个单词。
1 Has the writer just moved to a house in Bridge Street or not?
2 Who knocked at her door yesterday?
3 Did he sing songs, or did he ask for money?
4 What did the writer give him in return for this?
5 What is the beggar's name?
6 Does he call at every house once a week or once a month?
Key structures 关键句型
A The and Some
a A and Some. 不定冠词和表示不确定数量的some
We can say:
我们可以说：
a pen, some pens; a book, some books; a picture, some pictures; a glass of milk, some milk; a bag of flour, some flour; a bar of soap, some soap.
We can also use some nouns without a or some in general statements. Read these sentences carefully.
在表示一种笼统概念的陈述句中也可以省略a或some。细读下列句子。
Yesterday I bought a book. Books are not very expensive. 昨天我买了一本书。书不很贵。
I have just drunk a glass of milk. Milk is very refreshing. 我刚刚喝了一杯奶，牛奶很提神。
Mrs. Jones bought a bag of flour, a bag of sugar and some tea. 琼斯太太买了一袋面粉、一袋糖和一些茶叶。
She always buys flour, sugar and tea at the grocer's. 她总是在食品店买面粉、糖和茶叶。
b A and The 不定冠词和定冠词
Read this paragraph. Pay close attention to the words a and the:
注意以下段落中a和the的用法：
A man is walking towards me. The man is carrying a parcel. The parcel is full of meat. The man has just bought some meat. A dog is following the man. The dog is looking at the parcel. 一个男人朝我走来。他拿着一个包。包里装满了肉。他刚刚买了些肉。一条狗跟着他，它正盯着他的那个包。
c Names. 姓名
We cannot put a or the in front of names.
姓名前不能用不定冠词或定冠词。
John lives in England. He has a house in London. His house is in Duke Street. Last year he went to Madrid. John likes Spain very much. He goes there every summer. 约翰住在英国，他在伦敦有一栋房子。那栋房子在公爵街。去年他去了一趟马德里。约翰很喜欢西班牙，他每年夏天都去那里。
Exercises 练习
A Write these words again. Put in a or some in front of each one.
重抄以下词组，分别加上a或some。
meat, desk, tobacco, tin of beans, comb, city, cloth, oil, bottle of beer, day, word, student, sugar, rain, orange, rubber
B Read the passage again. Put a line under the words a and the.
重读课文，划出不定冠词和定冠词。
C Put in the words a or the where necessary. Do not refer to the passage until you finish the exercise:
根据需要填上不定冠词或定冠词。完成练习后再对照课文：
I have just moved to ______ house in ______ Bridge Street. Yesterday ______ beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for ______ meal and ______ glass of beer. In return for this, ______ beggar stood on his head and sang ______ songs. I gave him ______ meal. He ate ______ food and drank ______ beer. Then he put ______ piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later ______ neighbour told me about him. Everybody knows him. His name is ______ Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in ______ street once ______ month and always asks for ______ meal and ______ glass of beer.
D Write sentences using a, the or some with the following:
用下列词组造句，选用a，the或some：
1 found /coin/ garden.
2 put /sugar/ my tea.
3 cut /wood/ fire.
4 bought / newspaper.
5 made / coffee.
6 like / curtains in this room.
Special difficulties 难点
Some verbs change in meaning when we put short words after them. Read these sentences. Do you know what the verbs in italics mean?
有些动词的后面加上介词或副词以后就会改变词义。这种新的组合被称作短语动词。读一读下面的句子，句中的动词用斜体印出，你知道这些短语动词的词义吗？
I put your book on the shelf. 我把你的书放在书架上。
I put on my hat and left the house. 我戴上帽子，离开了屋子。
Who took my umbrella? 谁拿走了我的伞？
It was very hot, so I took off my coat. 天很热，因此我脱掉了外套。
Come and look at my photograph album. 过来，看看我的相册。
I am looking for my pen. I lost it this morning. 我正在找我的钢笔，我今天早上把它弄丢了。
Will you look after the children for me please? 请你帮我照看一下孩子们，好吗？
Read these sentences. Each one contains the verb knock. The verb has a different meaning in each sentence.
读一读下面的句子，每个句中都含有动词knock，但它们的词义有很大差异。
A beggar knocked at my door. (1. 2)
I knocked the vase off the table and broke it. 我把花瓶从桌上碰掉，把它打碎了。
He always knocks off at six o'clock. (He finishes his work. ) 他总是6点钟下班。
The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill. (He reduced the price by 10%. )售货员给了10％的优惠。
A car knocked the boy over. (It hit him hard and made him fall. ) 汽车把男孩撞倒了。
In the fight, the thief knocked the policeman out. (The policeman was unconscious for three minutes. ) 在搏斗中，小偷把警察打昏了。
Exercises 练习
A Put in the correct words.
根据上下文填上正确的介词或副词。
1 He did not know how to fight, but he knocked the boxer ______ .
2 This flowerpot is broken, Who knocked it ______ ?
3 I knocked ______ early yesterday and went to a football match.
4 Listen! Someone is knocking ______ the window!
B Rewrite the following sentences using the correct form of the verb knock in place of the words in italics.
改写以下句子，用含有knock的短语动词来替代以下句子中用斜体印出的词组。
1 The old lady hit the thief over the head with a candlestick and now he is unconscious.
2 At what time do you finish work every day?
3 The shopkeeper reduced the price of all his goods by 20%.
Multiple choice questions 多项选择题
Comprehension 理解
1 Percy Buttons stood on his head and sang songs because ______ .
a．he wanted a piece of cheese
b．he liked doing this
c．he was a beggar
d．he wanted to‘pay’for his meal in this way
2 The writer didn't know about Percy Buttons because ______ .
a．she was new to the neighbourhood
b．he had never called at that house before
c．he was a beggar
d．he didn't live near her
Structure 句型
3 The writer has just moved to a new house. She was ______ yesterday.
a．at house b．to the house
c．at home d．in the home
4 She gave ______ .
a．to him a meal b．a meal for him
c．him to a meal d．a meal to him
5 A neighbour told me about him. He ______ Percy Buttons was a beggar.
a．told b．said me
c．told to me d．said
6 Everybody knows him ______ know him.
a．They all b．Each
c．Every d．All they
7 ______ does he call? Once a month.
a．How seldom
b．How long
c．How soon
d．How often
Vocabulary 词汇
8 A beggar is a person who ______ .
a．asks for money but doesn't work
b．asks for food
c．works hard
d．is out of work
9 You can have a meal ______ .
a．only in the morning
b．at any time
c．only at midday
d．only in the evening
10 She gave him a piece of cheese. He put the ______ of cheese in his pocket.
a．bit b．bar
c．block d．packet
11 He calls at every house in the street. He ______ everyone.
a．shouts at b．calls
c．cries out at d．visits
12 All the houses in our ______ are the same age and size.
a．street b．way
c．road d．route
Sentence structure 句子结构
Arrange these groups of words in the correct order, then check your answer against the text.
按照正确的语序排列以下词组，然后对照课文第6-8行，核对你的答案。
and a glass of beer/he calls/for a meal/at every house/and always asks/in the street/once a month
