Summary writing 摘要写作
www.xiao84.com
Answer these questions in not more than 50 words.
回答下列问题，将答案组成一个段落，不要超过50个单词。
1 What is the writer's favourite sport?
2 What do some unlucky fishermen catch?
3 Is the writer as lucky as they are, or is he not so lucky?
4 Does he ever catch anything?
5 Is he really interested in fishing?
6 What is the only thing that interests him?
Key structures关键句型
You must give up fishing. 动名词
Study these sentences carefully. Pay close attention to the verbs in italics. All these verbs end in -ing.
细读下面的例句，特别注意用斜体印出的以-ing结尾的词。
a 动名词作主语
Eating is always a pleasure. 吃总是一件愉快的事情。
Watching television is my favourite pastime. 看电视是我最喜爱的业馀爱好。
Reading in bed is something I always enjoy. 我总喜欢躺在床上看书
b 动名词作宾语
I am very keen on cycling. 我非常喜欢骑自行车。
She is afraid of staying in that house alone. 她害怕单独住在那间屋子里。
He is capable of doing anything. 他能胜任任何事情。
c Note how these sentences have been joined.
注意在以下例句中如何用动名词将两个短句连到一起。
He sat there. He did not say anything. 他坐在那儿，他什么话也不说。
He sat there without saying anything. 他默默无语地坐在那里。
He turned off the radio. He left the room. 他关掉了收音机，他离开了房间。
Before leaving the room, he turned off the radio. 离开房间之前，他关掉了收音机。
He looked at this watch. He hurried to the station. 他看了一下手表。他匆忙赶到火车站。
After looking at his watch, he hurried to the station. 他看了一下手表之后，就匆忙赶往火车站。
Or: After having looked at his watch, he hurried to the station.
I must apologize. I interrupted you. 我得表示道歉。我打断了你的说话(工作)。
I must apologize for interrupting you. 由于打断了你的说话(工作)，我得表示道歉。
Or: I must apologize for having interrupted you.
I must apologize. I did not let you know earlier. 我得表示道歉。我没有早一点让你知道。
I must apologize for not letting you know earlier. 由于没有早点让你知道，我得表示道歉。
Or: I must apologize for not having let you know earlier.
He congratulated me. I won the competition. 他向我道贺。我赢得了这次比赛。
He congratulated me on winning the competition. 在我赢得这次比赛之际，他向我祝贺。
Or: He congratulated me on having won the competition.
Exercises练习
A Underline all the verbs in the passage that end in -ing.
在课文中所有动词加-ing的例子下面划上横线。
B Give the correct form of the verbs in parentheses. Do not refer to the passage until you finish the exercise.
用正确的动词形式填空，完成练习后再对课文核对你的答案。
______ (Fish) is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without ______ (catch) anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of ______ (catch) fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything ---- not even old boots. After ______ (have spend) whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag.‘You must give up ______ (fish)!’ my friends say. ‘It's a waste of time. ’But they don't realize one important thing. I' m not really interested in ______ (fish). I am only interested in ______ (sit) in a boat and ______ (do) nothing at all!
C Join these pairs of sentences with the words given in parentheses. Make any other necessary changes.
用括号中的词来连接下列句子，如需要可对原句进行必要的改动。
1 He went out of the restaurant. (without) He did not pay the bill.
2 She bought a pair of boots. (instead of) She did not get a pair of shoes.
3 She was afraid. (of) She did not spend the night alone.
4 (After) She heard the news. She fainted.
5 Think carefully. (before) Answer my question.
6 (On) I saw the plane coming towards me. I dashed for cover.
Special difficulties难点
Words often confused经常容易混淆的词
Study these examples:
细读以下例句：
a Interested and Interesting. Excited and Exciting.
Fishing is not interesting. I am not really interested in fishing. (11. 7-8)
钓鱼没意思。我对钓鱼并不真正感兴趣。
The match was very exciting. The crowd got very excited. 比赛非常激动人心。观众非常激动。
b It's and Its. It's a waste of time. (11. 6-7)
It's (= it is) cold today. It's raining too. 今天天气冷。而且正在下雨。
The cat drank its milk. 猫喝了它的牛奶。
This engine has lost its power. 这台发动机已失去了动力。
c Realize and Understand. They don't realize . . . (1. 7)
I realized he was mad. 我意识到他疯了。
He didn't realize that he had made a mistake. 他没有意识到他犯了一个错误。
I don't understand English. 我不懂英语。
Exercise练习
Choose the correct words in the following.
选择正确的词填空
1 I (realized) (understood) he was not telling me the truth.
2 This poem is difficult. (It's) (Its) impossible for you to (understand) (realize) (its) (it's) meaning.
3 There was some (excited) (exciting) news on the radio.
4 He is not an (interesting) (interested) person.
5 He is an explorer. He leads an (excited) (exciting) life.
6 I am not (interesting) (interested) in other people's affairs.
Multiple choice questions多项选择题
Comprehension理解
1 The writer ______ .
a．always catches something
b．never catches anything
c．sometimes pulls up old boots and rubbish
d．never goes home with an empty bag
2 The writer enjoys ______ .
a．catching fish
b．fishing
c．doing nothing
d．swimming in the river
Structure句型
3 ______ is your favourite sport? Fishing.
a．Who b．Which
c．Whom d．Whose
4 He doesn't catch anything. He never catches ______ .
a．nothing b．anything
c．something d．everything
5 I am even less lucky. I am ______ lucky.
a．more b．as
c．not so d．so
6 His bag is empty. He has ______ .
a．a empty bag b．an empty bag
c．empty bag d．one empty bag
7 I am only interested in doing nothing. That's ______ I'm interested in.
a．only b．the one
c．all d．the only
Vocabulary词汇
8 Fishing is my favourite sport. It is ______ .
a．the one I like best
b．prefer
c．my best
d．the best
9 A fisherman usually ______ fish.
a．buys b．sells
c．tries to catch d．keeps
10 He never ______ any fish.
a．holds b．takes hold of
c．catches d．takes
11 He always goes ______ with an empty bag.
a．to home b．to house
c．to the house d．home
12 You must give up fishing. You must ______ .
a．stop b．begin
c．surrender d．end
Sentence structure句子结构
Join these two sentences with without, then check your answer against the text.
用without连接下面两个句子，对照课文第1-2行，核对你的答案。
I often fish for hours. I don't catch anything.
