Comprehension 理解
Answer these questions:
1 Why isn't‘a wave a wall of moving water’?
2 What would happen if a wave were actually moving?
3 What is the effect of gravity on the ocean?
vocabulary 词汇
Refer to the text to see how the following words have been used, then write sentences of your own using these words: struggle (1.1); transmits (1.3); features (1.5); racing in to the shore (1.11); catastrophic results (1.11);roughly (1.12); assumes (1.16); undulating (1.17); generated (1.17); force (1.19).
Summary 摘要
Drawing your information from the last three paragraphs of the passage (‘Although an ocean wave…flat plain.’), write a summary of what a wave is and does. Do not write more than 80 words. Your answer should be in one paragraph.
Composition 作文
A The passage is a mixture of poetic writing and scientific writing. Choose one of these styles, poetic or scientific and write a list of ideas in note form about the ocean.
B Drawing on your list of ideas, write a composition of about 400 words.
Key structures 关键句型
A Supply the correct verb forms. Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:
1 Waves are the children of the struggle between ocean and atmosphere, the ongoing signatures of infinity. Rays from the sun excite and energize the atmosphere of the earth, awakening it to flow, to movement, to rhythm, to life. The wind then____ (speak) the message of the sun to the sea and the sea____ (transmit) it on through waves----an ancient, exquisite, powerful message. (11.1-4)
2 Although an ocean wave____ (give) the impression of a wall of water moving in your direction, in actuality waves____ (move) through the water leaving the water about where it was. (11.9-10)
3 An ocean wave passing through deep water____ (cause) a particle on the surface to move in a roughly circular orbit, drawing the particle first towards the advancing wave, then up into the wave, then forward with it and then----as the wave____ (leave) the particles behind----back to its starting point again. (11.12-14)
B Supply the missing prepositions. Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:
1 Waves are the children of the struggle____ ocean and atmosphere. Rays____ the sun excite and energize the atmosphere the earth, awakening it to flow,____ movement,____ rhythm, ____life. The wind then speaks the message____ the sun____ the sea and the sea transmits it on____waves----an ancient, exquisite, powerful message. (11.1-4)
2 Although an ocean wave gives the impression____ a wall____ water moving____ your direction, ____ actuality waves move____ the water leaving the water about where it was. If the water was moving____ the wave, the ocean and everything____ it would be racing in____ the shore with obviously catastrophic results. (11.9-11)
3 An ocean wave passing____ deep water causes a particle____ the surface to move ____ a roughly circular orbit, drawing the particle first____ the advancing wave, then up____ the wave, then forward____ it and then----as the wave leaves the particles behind----back____ its starting point again. (11.11-14)
Special difficulties 难点
A Phenomena (1.5) is the irregular plural of phenomenon. Give the plurals of the following nouns (sometimes a noun has two plural forms): index, automaton, appendix, alumnus, stratum, analysis, criterion.
B Note the use of other in this sentence:
From both maturity to death, a wave is subject to the same laws as any other‘living’thing. (1.15)
Supply other, the other, the others, or others in these sentences:
1 I think we ought to hurry so that we catch up with____
2 You've seen my best pictures.____ aren't worth looking at.
3 I'm taking two novels on holiday. One is by Jane Austen. ____ is by Charles Dickens.
4 Some people enjoy watching football;____ don't.
5 You should be more considerate of____ people.
C Death (1.15) is the noun from the verb die. Give the noun forms derived from the following verbs: excite, live, move, assume, generate, restore.
Multiple choice questions 多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension 理解
1 How many essential characteristics can be discerned in waves?
a．Two.
b．Three.
c．Four.
d．Five.
2 A wave is described as ____.
a．a wall of moving water
b．the energy of the sun
c．a motion through water
d．an ancient powerful message
3 As a wave moves forward, it ____.
a．carries everything with it
b．leads to catastrophic results
c．advances and then retreats
d．leaves behind the water that it disturbed
4 As far as gravity is concerned, the ideal condition in the sea is ____.
a．a totally level surface
b．rising and falling
c．constant motion
d．leaving particles behind
Structure 句型
5 These ocean waves are____ the earth's most complicated phenomena. (1.5)
a．considered
b．between
c．one of
d．several of
6 The basic features____ of a crest…(11.5-6)
a．consist
b．consisting
c．have consisted
d．are consisting
7 An ocean wave____ give the impression of a wall of water, but in actuality…(1.9)
a．must
b．has to
c．should
d．may
8 ____ of undulating waves is caused by wind, earth movement, and gravity. (11.17-18)
a．A generation
b．Generations
c．Generation
d．The generation
Vocabulary 词汇
9 Waves are the____ signatures of infinity. (1.1)
a．going on
b．carrying on
c．moving forward
d．continuing
10 Although an ocean wave ____the impression of a wall of water…(1.9)
a．creates
b．receives
c．demands
d．contributes
11 It would be racing to the shore with obviously catastrophic ____. (1.11)
a．loss
b．damage
c．causes
d．consequences
12 Gravity is the force that drives them in____ attempt to restore the ocean surface. (11.18-19)
a．an unceasing
b．a constant but intermittent
c．a fluctuating
d．a desperate